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Call for Papers: Veterinary and Applied Biosciences Research Publication Frequency: Three Issues Per Year Peer Review Policy: Double-Blind Review Accepting Original Research, Reviews, Case Reports and Short Communications Call for Papers: Veterinary and Applied Biosciences Research Publication Frequency: Three Issues Per Year Peer Review Policy: Double-Blind Review Accepting Original Research, Reviews, Case Reports and Short Communications
Section

Author Guidelines

The manuscripts must be written in English and accompanied by a Cover Letter.

Section 1

Introduction

The Journal of Veterinary and Applied Biosciences (JVABS) is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access scholarly journal dedicated to publishing high-quality research that advances knowledge in veterinary sciences, animal health, livestock production, applied biosciences, One Health, and related interdisciplinary fields. The journal provides a platform for researchers, academicians, clinicians, industry professionals, and policymakers to disseminate scientifically rigorous, innovative, and impactful research that contributes to the advancement of animal health, food security, public health, environmental sustainability, and biological sciences. JVABS welcomes submissions from researchers worldwide and encourages multidisciplinary research that addresses emerging scientific challenges and promotes evidence-based solutions. The journal publishes manuscripts based solely on scientific merit, originality, methodological quality, ethical compliance, and relevance to the journal's scope. Authors are encouraged to read these guidelines carefully before preparing and submitting their manuscripts. Compliance with these instructions facilitates an efficient editorial assessment and peer-review process and minimizes delays during manuscript processing.

Section 2

Aims and Scope

The Journal of Veterinary and Applied Biosciences publishes original scientific contributions covering fundamental, applied, translational, and clinical research across the broad spectrum of veterinary and biological sciences. The journal aims to promote scientific excellence by disseminating reliable, reproducible, and ethically conducted research that contributes to animal welfare, livestock productivity, public health, and sustainable development. JVABS particularly encourages interdisciplinary studies integrating veterinary medicine with biotechnology, molecular biology, epidemiology, environmental sciences, agriculture, food sciences, biomedical sciences, and One Health. Research areas include, but are not limited to:

  • Veterinary Surgery/Medicine/Gynaecology
  • Veterinary Pathology/Pharmacology and Toxicology/Microbiology/Parasitology/Public Health and Epidemiology
  • Animal Genetics and Breeding
  • Animal Nutrition/Physiology/Biotechnology
  • Livestock Production and Management
  • Livestock Products Technology
  • Dairy Science/Poultry Science
  • Wildlife Health and Conservation Medicine
  • Aquatic Animal Health/Fisheries Science
  • One Health/Zoonotic Diseases
  • Food Safety and Quality Assurance
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Precision Livestock Farming
  • Biomedical Sciences
  • Applied Biosciences
  • Environmental and Ecosystem Health
  • Climate Change and Animal Agriculture
  • Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies in Veterinary Medicine

The Editorial Board may consider submissions from closely related disciplines if they provide substantial scientific relevance to veterinary and applied biosciences.

Section 3

Types of Manuscripts

JVABS accepts a wide range of scholarly contributions. Each manuscript type undergoes editorial assessment and independent double-anonymous (double-blind) peer review unless otherwise specified. 3.1 Original Research Articles
Original Research Articles present novel scientific findings derived from laboratory, clinical, experimental, observational, epidemiological, field, computational, or multidisciplinary investigations. Manuscripts should provide sufficient methodological detail to enable reproducibility and should present statistically sound analyses supported by appropriate interpretation. Recommended structure:

  • Title
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Introduction
  • Materials and Methods
  • Results and Discussion
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgements
  • Funding
  • Conflict of Interest
  • Author Contributions
  • Data Availability Statement
  • References

Recommended length: 4,000–8,000 words (excluding references). 3.2 Review Articles
Review Articles critically evaluate and synthesize existing scientific literature on topics of current importance. Reviews should provide balanced interpretation, identify knowledge gaps, discuss emerging trends, and propose future research directions. Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses are particularly encouraged when conducted according to internationally recognized reporting standards. Recommended length: 5,000–10,000 words.

3.3 Short Communications
Short Communications report important preliminary findings, methodological innovations, novel observations, or concise scientific studies that warrant rapid dissemination but may not require a full-length research article. These manuscripts should present complete and scientifically valid findings while maintaining brevity. Recommended length: 2,000–3,000 words.

3.4 Case Reports
Case Reports describe unusual, rare, novel, or educational clinical cases that provide significant diagnostic, therapeutic, pathological, epidemiological, or scientific insights. Case reports should include sufficient clinical information, diagnostic procedures, treatment protocols, outcomes, and discussion of their scientific relevance. Patient or owner confidentiality must always be maintained. Recommended length: 2,000–4,000 words. 3.5 Technical Notes
Technical Notes describe new laboratory methods, analytical procedures, experimental protocols, diagnostic techniques, instrumentation, software applications, or technological innovations that have practical applications in veterinary or bioscience research. The methodology should be adequately validated and clearly described.

3.6 Clinical Images
Clinical Images provide high-quality photographic documentation of clinically significant conditions accompanied by concise scientific explanations. Images should be original, of high resolution, and contribute educational value to readers.

3.7 Letters to the Editor
Letters provide constructive scientific comments regarding recently published articles or discuss important scientific issues relevant to the journal's scope. Letters should remain objective, evidence-based, and respectful in tone.

3.8 Editorials
Editorials are generally commissioned by the Editor-in-Chief or Editorial Board. They provide expert perspectives on emerging scientific developments, journal policies, or contemporary issues in veterinary and applied biosciences.

3.9 Perspectives and Opinion Articles
Perspective articles present informed scholarly opinions on emerging scientific concepts, research priorities, policy developments, or future directions within veterinary and applied biosciences. These articles should be evidence-based and supported by relevant scientific literature.

Section 4

General Requirements Before Submission

Authors should ensure that the following conditions are satisfied before submitting a manuscript to JVABS:

  • The manuscript represents original work and has not been published previously, except as an abstract, thesis, preprint (where permitted), or conference presentation.
  • The manuscript is not under consideration for publication by another journal.
  • All authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.
  • All individuals who qualify for authorship have been appropriately listed as authors.
  • Ethical approval has been obtained wherever applicable.
  • Necessary permissions have been obtained for copyrighted material.
  • All conflicts of interest have been disclosed.
  • Funding sources have been accurately reported.
  • Data presented in the manuscript are accurate and have not been fabricated, falsified, or manipulated.
  • Figures and tables are original or reproduced with appropriate permission.
  • References have been carefully verified for completeness and accuracy.

Failure to comply with these requirements may result in the manuscript being returned to the authors before peer review or rejected during editorial assessment.

Section 5

Language

Manuscripts must be written in clear, concise, and grammatically correct English. Authors whose first language is not English are encouraged to have their manuscripts reviewed by a proficient English speaker or a professional language editing service before submission. Language editing improves readability but does not guarantee acceptance. Authors are responsible for the scientific accuracy, clarity, grammar, and language quality of their submitted manuscripts. JVABS evaluates manuscripts based on scientific quality rather than linguistic perfection; however, manuscripts that cannot be adequately understood due to language deficiencies may be returned for revision prior to peer review.

Section 6

Before You Begin

Authors are encouraged to carefully review these guidelines before preparing and submitting their manuscripts. Adherence to the journal's instructions facilitates efficient editorial processing and peer review while minimizing delays during manuscript evaluation. Submission of a manuscript to JVABS implies that all authors have read and approved the submitted version and agree to its submission for publication. Authors are responsible for ensuring the scientific accuracy, integrity, and originality of their work.

Section 7

Originality of Manuscripts

Submitted manuscripts must represent original scholarly work and should not have been published previously, either in whole or in substantial part, in any language or medium. Manuscripts must not be simultaneously submitted to another journal or under consideration elsewhere during the editorial process. The journal considers conference abstracts, academic theses or dissertations, institutional reports, and permitted preprints as prior dissemination rather than prior publication, provided that full disclosure is made at the time of submission. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce copyrighted material where applicable.

Section 8

Exclusive Submission

Submission to JVABS confirms that:

  • The manuscript is submitted exclusively to JVABS.
  • The manuscript is not under review by another journal.
  • All authors approve the submission.
  • The corresponding author has obtained consent from all co-authors.
  • The work has not been previously published except where permitted under the journal's policies.

Duplicate submission or duplicate publication constitutes publication misconduct and may result in rejection or withdrawal of the manuscript.

Section 9

Authorship Criteria

JVABS recognizes authorship only for individuals who have made substantial intellectual contributions to the work. Authors should have contributed significantly to one or more of the following:

  • Conceptualization of the study.
  • Study design.
  • Data acquisition.
  • Data analysis or interpretation.
  • Development of methodology.
  • Preparation of the manuscript.
  • Critical revision of the manuscript.
  • Final approval of the version submitted for publication.
  • Accountability for the integrity of the work.

Individuals who contributed only through funding acquisition, administrative assistance, routine technical support, language editing, or general supervision should be acknowledged appropriately but should not normally be listed as authors.

Section 10

Corresponding Author

One author must be designated as the Corresponding Author. The Corresponding Author is responsible for:

  • Managing all communication with the Editorial Office.
  • Ensuring that all co-authors approve the manuscript.
  • Providing accurate author information.
  • Coordinating revisions.
  • Reviewing proofs.
  • Responding to editorial queries after publication when necessary.

The Corresponding Author should provide:

  • Full name
  • Institutional affiliation
  • Postal address
  • Email address
  • ORCID iD (recommended)
Section 11

Changes in Authorship

Requests to add, remove, or rearrange authors after manuscript submission should be made only under exceptional circumstances. Such requests should include:

  • A clear explanation for the requested change.
  • Written agreement from all listed authors.
  • Approval of the corresponding author.

The Editorial Office reserves the right to request additional documentation before considering such requests.

Section 12

ORCID

JVABS strongly encourages all authors to obtain and provide an ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID). ORCID improves author identification, enhances research visibility, and facilitates accurate attribution of scholarly work across publishing platforms.

Section 13

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy

Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted technologies may be used only to improve language quality, grammar, readability, or formatting of manuscripts. Authors remain fully responsible for:

  • Scientific accuracy.
  • Interpretation of results.
  • Data integrity.
  • Originality.
  • Conclusions presented in the manuscript.

AI tools must not be listed as authors because they cannot assume responsibility for scholarly work or meet accepted authorship criteria. Where AI-assisted tools have substantially contributed to manuscript preparation, authors should disclose their use in the manuscript or cover letter, specifying the purpose for which the technology was used. The use of AI-generated or AI-manipulated images, figures, datasets, or scientific results that could misrepresent research findings is not permitted unless scientifically justified and clearly disclosed.

Section 14

Conflicts of Interest

Authors must disclose any financial, professional, institutional, personal, or other relationships that could reasonably be perceived to influence the research or its interpretation. Examples include:

  • Employment
  • Consultancy
  • Honoraria
  • Stock ownership
  • Patents
  • Grants
  • Institutional affiliations
  • Advisory positions

If no competing interests exist, authors should include the following statement: "The authors declare that they have no competing interests."

Section 15

Funding Statement

Authors should clearly identify all financial support received for conducting the research. The Funding Statement should include:

  • Funding agency
  • Grant number (if applicable)
  • Project title (if applicable)

If the research received no external funding, authors should state: "This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors."

Section 16

Acknowledgements

Individuals, organizations, or institutions that contributed to the work but do not meet the criteria for authorship should be acknowledged appropriately. Examples include:

  • Technical assistance
  • Laboratory support
  • Statistical consultation
  • Language editing
  • Administrative assistance

Acknowledgements should not include exaggerated or promotional statements.

Section 17

Data Availability

JVABS supports transparency and reproducibility in scientific research. Authors are encouraged to make research data available whenever possible through appropriate public repositories or upon reasonable request. The manuscript should include a Data Availability Statement indicating one of the following:

  • Data are included within the article.
  • Data are available in a public repository.
  • Data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
  • No new datasets were generated.
  • Data cannot be shared because of ethical, legal, or confidentiality restrictions.
Section 19

Copyright Permissions

Authors are responsible for obtaining written permission to reproduce copyrighted material, including:

  • Figures
  • Tables
  • Photographs
  • Maps
  • Questionnaires
  • Previously published illustrations

Permission should be obtained before submission whenever required. Failure to obtain appropriate permissions may delay publication.

Section 20

Confidentiality During Peer Review

All manuscripts submitted to JVABS are treated as confidential documents. Authors, reviewers, editors, and editorial staff are expected to maintain confidentiality throughout the editorial and peer-review process. Information contained within submitted manuscripts should not be disclosed or used for personal advantage prior to publication.

Section 21

Submission Checklist

Before submitting your manuscript, please ensure that:

  • The manuscript falls within the scope of JVABS.
  • All authors have approved the submission.
  • The manuscript is original.
  • Ethical approval has been obtained where applicable.
  • Conflict of Interest statement is included.
  • Funding information is provided.
  • Data Availability Statement is included.
  • References are complete and correctly formatted.
  • Figures and tables are cited in the text.
  • Permissions have been obtained where necessary.
  • The manuscript has been carefully proofread.

Failure to comply with these requirements may result in the manuscript being returned to the authors before peer review.

Section 22

Manuscript Preparation

Manuscripts should be prepared in clear, concise, and grammatically correct English. Authors should present their research logically, accurately, and transparently, ensuring sufficient methodological detail for reproducibility. Manuscripts should be submitted as editable Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx) files. The Editorial Office reserves the right to return manuscripts that do not comply with the journal's formatting requirements before peer review.

Section 23

General Formatting Requirements

Authors should prepare manuscripts using the following formatting guidelines:

  • Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx)
  • A4 page size
  • 2.5 cm margins on all sides
  • Times New Roman font
  • Font size: 12 pt
  • 1.5 line spacing
  • Continuous page numbering
  • Left-aligned text
  • Single-column format
  • Standard SI units throughout the manuscript
  • Avoid excessive formatting, embedded objects, or decorative styles.

Authors should use automatic page and line numbering whenever possible.

Section 24

Manuscript Organization

Research manuscripts should normally be arranged in the following order:

  • Title Page
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Introduction
  • Materials and Methods
  • Results and Discussion
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgements
  • Funding Statement
  • Conflict of Interest Statement
  • Ethical Approval Statement
  • Author Contributions
  • Data Availability Statement
  • References
  • Tables
  • Figure Legends
  • Figures (if required)
  • Supplementary Material (where applicable)
Section 25

Title Page

The Title Page should be submitted separately and include:

  • Full manuscript title
  • Running title (maximum 60 characters)
  • Full names of all authors
  • Institutional affiliations
  • Department
  • Institution
  • City
  • State/Province
  • Country
  • Corresponding author's name
  • Email address
  • Telephone number (optional)
  • ORCID iD (recommended for all authors)

The manuscript title should be concise, informative, and accurately reflect the content of the study. Abbreviations should generally be avoided in the title.

Section 26

Manuscript Title

The title should:

  • Clearly describe the study.
  • Be specific and informative.
  • Avoid abbreviations whenever possible.
  • Avoid formulas and uncommon symbols.
  • Reflect the principal findings of the study.
  • Be suitable for indexing and literature searches.
Section 27

Running Title

Authors should provide a short running title suitable for page headings. Recommended length: Maximum 60 characters including spaces.

Section 28

Author Names and Affiliations

Author names should be written consistently. Each author's institutional affiliation should include:

  • Department
  • Institution
  • City
  • State/Province
  • Country

Multiple affiliations should be identified using superscript numbers.

Section 29

Corresponding Author

Only one corresponding author should normally be designated. The corresponding author is responsible for all communication during submission, peer review, production, and post-publication.

Section 30

Abstract

Every manuscript must include an abstract that provides a concise and accurate summary of the study. The abstract should briefly describe the background, objectives, methodology, principal findings, and major conclusions of the research in a single continuous paragraph. The abstract should enable readers to understand the purpose, scientific significance, and key outcomes of the study without referring to the full manuscript. The abstract should:

  • Be written as a single paragraph without subheadings.
  • Clearly state the objective or purpose of the study.
  • Briefly describe the methodology employed.
  • Present the principal findings, including important quantitative results where appropriate.
  • Highlight the major conclusions and scientific significance of the study.
  • Accurately reflect the content of the manuscript.
  • Avoid references, citations, tables, figures, and equations.
  • Avoid undefined abbreviations, acronyms, and excessive technical terminology.
  • Avoid discussion or interpretation beyond the findings presented in the manuscript.

Recommended length: 200–300 words.

Section 31

Keywords

Authors should provide 4–8 keywords immediately after the abstract. Keywords should:

  • Not duplicate words already appearing in the title whenever possible.
  • Use internationally accepted terminology.
  • Facilitate indexing and literature retrieval.
  • Be arranged alphabetically where appropriate.
Section 32

Introduction

The Introduction should:

  • Describe the scientific background.
  • Review relevant literature.
  • Identify current knowledge gaps.
  • Clearly state the research problem.
  • Explain the rationale for the study.
  • Present the study objectives and hypotheses.

The Introduction should avoid presenting detailed results.

Section 33

Materials and Methods

The Materials and Methods section should provide sufficient detail to allow independent researchers to reproduce the work. This section should include, where applicable:

  • Study location
  • Experimental design
  • Animals or participants
  • Inclusion and exclusion criteria
  • Sample size
  • Sample collection
  • Chemicals and reagents
  • Instruments and equipment
  • Laboratory procedures
  • Statistical methods
  • Software used
  • Ethical approval
  • Data analysis methods

Previously published methods should be cited appropriately rather than described in unnecessary detail.

Section 34

Results and Discussion

The Results and Discussion section should present the study findings in a logical sequence while providing a critical interpretation of the results in the context of existing scientific knowledge. Combining the presentation of results with their interpretation facilitates a clear understanding of the significance and implications of the research. Authors should ensure that this section:

  • Presents findings in the same logical order as described in the Materials and Methods section.
  • Reports results accurately, clearly, and concisely using appropriate tables and figures where necessary.
  • Includes appropriate statistical analyses and reports measures of variability and levels of statistical significance (e.g., P values) whenever applicable.
  • Interprets the findings rather than merely describing numerical data.
  • Compares the results with relevant published literature, highlighting agreements, discrepancies, and possible reasons for observed differences.
  • Discusses the biological, clinical, or practical significance of the findings and their contribution to current scientific knowledge.
  • Identifies potential mechanisms or explanations supporting the observed results whenever appropriate.
  • Acknowledges the limitations of the study and their potential impact on the interpretation of the findings.
  • Suggests future research directions where relevant.

Authors should avoid unnecessary repetition of data presented in tables or figures within the text. The same results should not be presented simultaneously in both tabular and graphical form unless scientifically justified. The discussion should remain focused on the interpretation and significance of the findings and should avoid unsupported speculation or conclusions that are not supported by the data.

Section 36

Conclusions

The Conclusions section should summarize the major scientific findings without repeating the abstract. Authors should clearly state:

  • Principal conclusions.
  • Scientific importance.
  • Practical applications.
  • Future research needs where appropriate.

Conclusions should be directly supported by the study findings.

Section 37

Abbreviations

Abbreviations should be defined at first mention in both the abstract and the main text. Only internationally recognized abbreviations should be used. Avoid excessive abbreviation.

Section 38

Scientific Names

Scientific names of organisms should:

  • Be written in italics.
  • Follow accepted international nomenclature.
  • Include the authority where appropriate on first mention if required by the discipline.

Common names may subsequently be used after the scientific name has been introduced.

Section 39

Units of Measurement

All measurements should be reported using the International System of Units (SI Units). Examples include:

  • kg
  • g
  • mg
  • µg
  • L
  • mL
  • cm
  • mm
  • °C
  • mol/L

Non-SI units should be avoided unless internationally accepted within the relevant discipline.

Section 40

Statistical Analysis

Statistical methods should be described sufficiently to allow verification of the analyses. Authors should report:

  • Statistical software
  • Statistical tests used
  • Confidence intervals where appropriate
  • Measures of variation (SD, SE, SEM)
  • Exact P-values whenever possible
  • Number of biological and technical replicates

Statistical significance thresholds should be clearly defined.

Section 41

Language and Style

Manuscripts should be written using scientific, objective, and professional language. Authors should avoid:

  • Promotional language.
  • Unsupported claims.
  • Personal opinions.
  • Colloquial expressions.
  • Excessive repetition.
  • Overstatement of findings.

Grammar, punctuation, and spelling should be carefully checked before submission.

Section 42

Footnotes

Footnotes should be used sparingly. Essential information should normally be incorporated into the main text whenever possible.

Section 43

Supplementary Information

Additional material that supports the manuscript but is not essential to the printed article may be submitted as Supplementary Information. Examples include:

  • Extended datasets
  • Videos
  • Audio files
  • High-resolution images
  • Additional tables
  • Additional figures
  • Detailed protocols
  • Computer code
  • Software scripts

Supplementary files should be clearly labelled and cited within the manuscript. Part 4

Section 44

Tables

Tables should present data clearly, concisely, and without unnecessary duplication of information contained in the text or figures. Each table should be understandable independently of the main text. Authors should ensure that:

  • Tables are numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals (Table 1, Table 2, etc.).
  • Each table has a concise and informative title.
  • Tables are cited in the text in numerical order.
  • Explanatory notes and abbreviations are provided below the table where necessary.
  • Statistical significance is clearly indicated using appropriate symbols or superscripts.
  • Tables are prepared as editable text and not as images.
  • Vertical lines should be avoided; minimal horizontal lines are recommended.
  • Large datasets should be submitted as supplementary material whenever appropriate.
Section 45

Figures

Figures should effectively illustrate the study findings and complement, rather than duplicate, the information presented in the text or tables. Authors should ensure that:

  • Figures are numbered consecutively (Figure 1, Figure 2, etc.).
  • All figures are cited in the text in numerical order.
  • Each figure is accompanied by a descriptive legend.
  • Symbols, labels, and lettering are clear and legible.
  • Graphs include properly labelled axes and units of measurement.
  • Statistical significance is clearly indicated where applicable.
  • Images should not be manipulated in a manner that could misrepresent the original data.
Section 46

Figure Legends

Figure legends should be placed together after the references or submitted as part of the manuscript file. Legends should:

  • Clearly describe the figure.
  • Define all abbreviations and symbols.
  • Explain statistical annotations where applicable.
  • Allow readers to understand the figure without referring extensively to the main text.
Section 47

Artwork Preparation

Authors should submit high-quality artwork suitable for publication. Recommended file formats include:

  • TIFF (.tif)
  • JPEG (.jpg)
  • PNG (.png)
  • EPS (.eps)
  • PDF (.pdf)

Recommended minimum resolution:

  • Line artwork: 1200 dpi
  • Combination artwork: 600 dpi
  • Halftone photographs: 300 dpi
  • Colour figures: 300 dpi

Authors should avoid:

  • Low-resolution images.
  • Screenshots.
  • Images copied directly from presentation software.
  • Excessive compression.
  • Decorative backgrounds or unnecessary graphical effects.
Section 48

Colour Figures

Colour figures are encouraged when they improve scientific understanding. Authors should ensure that:

  • Colours remain distinguishable when printed in grayscale.
  • Graphs use contrasting colours or patterns.
  • Colour does not replace appropriate labelling.
Section 49

References

Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of all references. References should:

  • Be directly relevant to the manuscript.
  • Be cited sequentially in the text.
  • Match the reference list exactly.
  • Include DOI whenever available.
  • Be verified before submission.

Authors are encouraged to cite recent and high-quality peer-reviewed literature.

Section 50

Citation Style

JVABS follows the Vancouver citation style. References should be cited in the text using Arabic numerals in square brackets according to the order of first appearance. Example: Recent studies have demonstrated improved immune responses in poultry [5]. Multiple references should be cited as: [3,5,8] or [7–10]

Section 51

Reference List

References should appear at the end of the manuscript in the order in which they are first cited in the text. Journal titles should be abbreviated according to internationally accepted standards where applicable. Authors are encouraged to include DOI numbers whenever available.

Section 52

Reference Examples

Journal Article Author AB, Author CD, Author EF. Title of the article. Journal Name. 2025;15(2):101–112. doi:10.xxxx/xxxxx Book Author AB. Book Title. 3rd ed. Publisher; 2024. Book Chapter Author AB. Chapter title. In: Editor CD, Editor EF, editors. Book Title. Publisher; 2023. p. 145–162. Conference Proceedings Author AB. Title of paper. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Veterinary Sciences; 2024. p. 35–42. Website Organization Name. Title of webpage. Available from: https://www.example.org. Accessed January 15, 2026.

Section 53

Supplementary Material

Supplementary material may be submitted to support the findings reported in the manuscript. Examples include:

  • Extended datasets
  • Additional figures
  • Additional tables
  • Videos
  • Audio files
  • Software code
  • Detailed protocols
  • Questionnaires

Supplementary files should be clearly labelled and cited within the manuscript.

Section 54

Reporting Guidelines

Authors are strongly encouraged to prepare manuscripts in accordance with internationally recognized reporting guidelines appropriate for their study design. Examples include:

  • ARRIVE – Animal research
  • CONSORT – Randomized clinical trials
  • PRISMA – Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
  • STROBE – Observational studies
  • CARE – Case reports
  • SRQR – Qualitative research
  • CHEERS – Health economic evaluations
  • STARD – Diagnostic accuracy studies

Authors should indicate compliance with the appropriate reporting guideline in the manuscript whenever applicable.

Section 55

Nomenclature, Units and Scientific Terminology

Scientific terminology should be consistent throughout the manuscript. Authors should:

  • Use internationally accepted scientific nomenclature.
  • Report measurements using SI units.
  • Italicize scientific names of organisms.
  • Define abbreviations at first mention.
  • Use generic names for drugs wherever possible.
  • Use standard gene and protein nomenclature where applicable.
Section 56

Mathematical Expressions and Equations

Mathematical equations should be prepared using an equation editor and numbered consecutively where necessary. Variables should be defined upon first use, and all symbols should be used consistently throughout the manuscript.

Section 57

Footnotes

Footnotes should be used only when essential for clarification. Information critical to understanding the manuscript should be incorporated into the main text whenever possible.

Section 58

Supporting Information Checklist

Before submission, authors should ensure that:

  • All tables are cited in the text.
  • All figures are cited in the text.
  • Figure legends are complete.
  • References are accurate and correctly formatted.
  • DOI numbers have been included where available.
  • Supplementary files are clearly labelled.
  • Reporting guidelines have been followed where applicable.
  • Permissions have been obtained for any copyrighted material.